Other names for the additive (synonyms)
General Information
Additive E503(ii) (ammonium bicarbonate) is a subtype of additive E503 and is used in the food industry as a leavening agent or acidity regulator. The chemical formula of the substance is NH₄HCO₃. In industry, additive E503(ii) is obtained through a reaction between carbon dioxide, ammonia, and water, followed by cooling to precipitate the product.
Ammonium bicarbonate appears as fine white crystals or powder, readily soluble in water. When heated or during baking, the additive quickly decomposes into water, carbon dioxide, and ammonia, which evaporates easily without leaving a taste. In the food industry, additive E503(ii) is used as a leavening agent, especially in low-moisture products such as cookies, crackers, and gingerbread, where a light, crisp texture is desired.
Unlike additive E503(i), ammonium bicarbonate decomposes faster and more cleanly, releasing more carbon dioxide and less ammonia. This makes additive E503(ii) more suitable for products where a neutral taste and absence of off-odors are important, such as cookies, crackers, and biscuit-type baked goods.
For more information about the health effects and legal status of ammonium carbonates, see the main article on additive E503.
