Other names for the additive (synonyms)
General Information
Chlorophyll (food additive E140) is a natural green colorant. E140 dye dissolves easily in oils and fats but is very sensitive to high temperatures and light. When exposed to these factors, E140 breaks down and loses its color. Chlorophyll has a derivative — copper chlorophyllin complex (additive E141), which is water- and alcohol-soluble, stable in acidic environments, and retains its rich emerald color during long-term storage.
Chemically, chlorophyll is a magnesium complex of tetrapyrroles. The molecular formula of additive E140 is: C55H72O5N4Mg.
In nature, chlorophyll is the green pigment found in most plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Its name derives from the Greek words chloros — "green" and phyllon — "leaf".
Chlorophyll was first discovered in 1915 by Dr. Richard Willstätter, who was awarded the Nobel Prize for this achievement.
Impact on the Body
Benefits
Chlorophyll (E140 colorant) is beneficial to human health. For example, it has been shown to possess anti-cancer properties due to its ability to reduce the activity of enzymes that convert certain chemicals into carcinogens. Chlorophyll also plays an important role in detoxifying various toxins from the human body.
Harm
Nowadays, a significant amount of E140 is produced synthetically. Although its molecular structure is identical to that of natural chlorophyll, it may contain impurities that are inevitable in any chemical manufacturing process. Depending on the type and quantity of residual by-products, such a food additive may cause allergic reactions in some individuals — ranging from skin rashes to digestive upset.
Usage
In the food industry, chlorophyll is used as additive E140. It gives olive-green shades to products such as creams, ice cream, dairy desserts, mayonnaise, and various sauces.
Other applications of additive E140 include:
- in the pharmaceutical industry, for the production of dietary supplements;
- in medicine, for blood purification and oxygenation;
- in clinical practice, to promote the healing of certain wounds;
Chlorophyll may also be used as a deodorizing agent to eliminate unpleasant body odors.
Legislation
E140 colorant is approved for use in the food industry in most countries as a natural additive considered safe for human health.
